Sida rhombifolia
L.
Common Sida, Arrowleaf sida
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(c) Douglas Goldman, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)
Summary
Source: WikipediaSida rhombifolia, commonly known as arrowleaf sida, is a perennial or sometimes annual plant in the Family Malvaceae, native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Other common names include rhombus-leaved sida, Paddy's lucerne, jelly leaf, and also somewhat confusingly as Cuban jute, Queensland-hemp, and Indian hemp (although S. rhombifolia is not closely related to either jute or hemp). Synonyms include Malva rhombifolia. It is used in Ayurvedic medicine, where it is known as kurumthotti.
Description
A herb or small shrub. It grows 1-1.5 m tall. It is very hairy. It has many branches. The leaf stalk is 3-5 mm long. The leaf blade is sword shaped and 2.2-4.5 cm long by 0.6-2 cm wide. The flowers occur singly in the axils of leaves. They are yellow and about 1 cm across. The fruit is half round and 6-7 mm across.
Edible Uses
The leaves can be brewed into a tea or cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They contain around 7.4% protein.
Traditional Uses
The leaves are used to make a tea drink. The leaves are eaten as a vegetable. The leaves are also chewed with betel nut.
This uses section is brief — help expand it
Medicinal Uses
A decoction of the whole plant is used to treat fevers, and a paste of the plant addresses indigestion. The plant is also applied as a poultice for headaches, boils, cramps, rheumatism, toothache, chapped lips, and pimples. Ground and mixed with soft grease and sugar, it forms a poultice that softens abscesses and draws out pus. The leaves are diuretic, and an infusion of them is used to treat dysentery. Leaf juice mixed with vinegar serves as an anti-inflammatory and digestive remedy, while a decoction of the leaves is used to bathe wounds. Leaves applied directly to the head can relieve headache. The yellow flowers are eaten with wild ginger to ease labour. The root is scraped into sea water and the mixture drunk to treat diarrhoea, dysentery, and abdominal upsets, and a paste of the root is applied to boils. The plant contains cryptolepine, ephedrine, and vasicine.
Distribution
A tropical plant. It grows along roadsides. It can grow in arid places. It grows up to 2,000 m above sea level. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Where It Grows
Africa, Amazon, American Samoa, Andes, Argentina, Asia, Australia, Azores, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Caribbean, Central Africa, Central African Republic, CAR, Central America*, Chile, China, Colombia, Congo DR, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, East Africa, East Timor, Easter Island, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Europe, Fiji, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guianas, Guinea, Guinée, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Himalayas, Honduras, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Jamacia*, Kenya, Kiribati, Korea, Laos, Lesser Antilles, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marquesas, Mauritius, Mexico*, Micronesia, Middle East, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, North America, Oman, Pacific, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, PNG, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rotuma, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, SE Asia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Southern Africa, South America*, Spain, Sri Lanka, St Helena, Suriname, Swaziland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Uruguay, USA, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Wallis and Futuna, West Africa, West Indies*, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Cultivation
Grows wild in a range of soil types, from fertile to degraded condition. The awned seeds are spread by adhering to clothing and livestock, in mud on vehicles, and as contaminants in hay and seed crops. The plant has become established in habitats through much of the tropics and has been classified as 'Invasive' in many areas. This species is usually confined to waste ground, such as roadsides and rocky areas, stock camps or rabbit warrens, but can be competitive in pasture, because of its unpalatability to livestock.
Propagation
Seed
Other Uses
A fine, strong, lustrous white fibre obtained from the bark is used to make ropes and twine. It is easily extracted, and experiments have shown that a cord 12.5 mm in circumference can sustain a weight of 180 kilos. The stems are gathered in the morning, tied into bundles, and used as brooms. This plant is also noted for carbon farming applications.
Other Information
It is cultivated.
Notes
There are about 100 Sida species. It is used in medicine.
Synonyms
Also Known As
Afata, Arrowleaf sida, Bai banhbo, Bai bei huang hua ren, Barela, Bhiunli, Big Jack, Broomjute sida, Bunga padang, Chilequitiqui, Cosa cosa, Crementina, Delelmukula, Dewi, Escoba, Escobillo, Guanxuma, Guaxuma, Hihara, Japul tum, Jerun, Kanshunshu, Kanteang bay sa nhi, Kat mawn, Katsi-ne, Label-baba, Lemak ketam, Ligelegele, Maa dhiggaa, Mautofu, Mundundu, Ntalala, Otok-otok, Paddy's lucerne, Palo morado, Perdu sapu, Quebe, Sahadev, Seleguri, Sida daun lancip, Sidaguri, Taaiman, Tapak leman, Teaweed, Uvivane, Wakhahaa, Willu
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