Buchanania cochinchinensis
(Lour.) M. R. Almeida
Almondette Tree
iNaturalist· cc-by-nc
(c) Abhishek Timothy Gopal, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
iNaturalist· cc-by-nc
(c) Abhishek Timothy Gopal, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
iNaturalist· cc-by-nc
(c) Abhishek Timothy Gopal, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
Description
A small evergreen tree. It grows 12 m high. The bark is dark grey with deep narrow cracks. It has simple leathery leaves. They are 15-25 cm long by 6-10 cm wide. They are usually clustered at the ends of the twigs. Young leaves are reddish brown and hairy. The flowers are 4-5 mm across and white. They contain both sexes. They are in branched clusters at the ends of twigs. These are 15-30 cm long. The fruit are 9-12 mm long and purple. They are oval or mango shaped. The pear shaped kernels are edible.
Edible Uses
The ripe fruit is eaten raw and is sweet, used in sweets and yoghurt. The pear-shaped seed kernels are eaten raw, roasted with milk, or ground to make beancurd, and serve as a pistachio substitute. The seeds yield an edible oil.
Traditional Uses
The ripe fruit is eaten raw and is sweet. It is used in sweets and yoghurt. The kernel of the seeds is eaten. They are roasted with milk. They are also ground used used to make beancurd. They are used as a substitute for pistachio. The seeds yield an edible oil.
Medicinal Uses
No medicinal uses mentioned in available data.
Distribution
A tropical plant. It grows in forest. It grows in fairly open areas. It suits a hot tropical monsoonal climate. They grow in seasonally dry forests. They need light. They can stand drought and high temperatures. They grow on the Deccan in India. In Nepal they grow to 1500 m altitude. In Yunnan it grows between 750-900 m altitude.
Where It Grows
Asia, Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Northeastern India, Pacific, Philippines, Puerto Rico, SE Asia, Thailand, Vietnam, West Indies,
Cultivation
Plants can be grown from seeds. The seeds will still grow after drying or chilling for short periods. Root cuttings can be used.
Other Uses
The bark is used in tanning. The tree yields a gum copiously in large, irregular pieces. It is only partially soluble in water (about 10% insoluble), but it gives a good mucilage and can be useful in cheap manufacturing processes. The gum has adhesive properties. An oil is obtained from the seed. The greyish-brown wood has a small, dark-coloured heartwood. It is moderately hard. Of poor quality according to some reports that say it is only used as firewood and for making charcoal. Other reports say that it can be used for making boxes, bedsteads, bullock yokes, doors, window-frames, tables and the like. The wood will stain clothes unless it is polished. A good species for afforesting bare hill slopes.
Production
In India the fruit are available March to June.
Other Information
The fruit are sold in markets. They are especially eaten by children.
Notes
There are about 25 Buchanania species.
Synonyms
Also Known As
Achar, Almondette, Calumpang nut tree, Char, Chara, Chare, Charee, Charkoli, Charoli, Cheronjee, Chiraunji, Chirauli-nut, Chirauli, Chirongi, Chironji, Chivoli, Cuddapah almond, Erpe, Hak phuu, Jarike, Kalompang, Laingchey, Lambo, Lone-hpo, Ma ca, Mamuang maeng wan, Men van, Moongapezhu, Morala, Morri pandu, Munga pera, Nurkal, Pial, Pival, Piyal, Piyar, Piyari, Pyar, Pyaruwa, Rak muu, Rekka, Romchey, Sadeka, Tapasya-priya
References (70)
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