Mentha satureioides
R.Br.
Native Pennyroyal
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(c) Martin Bennett, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Martin Bennett
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(c) Julian, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Julian
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(c) gmacraild, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC)
Description
Mentha satureioides is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.3 m (1ft) by 1 m (3ft 3in). See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 6 and is not frost tender. It is in flower from May to June. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. It is noted for attracting wildlife. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and can grow in heavy clay soil. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.
Edible Uses
Tea. Leaves - raw or cooked. Used as a flavouring in salads or cooked foods. A herb tea is made from the leaves.
Medicinal Uses
Abortifacient Alterative Antiseptic Antispasmodic Blood purifier Carminative Digestive Emmenagogue Tonic. The leaves and flowering plant are alterative, antispasmodic, blood purifier, digestive, emmenagogue and tonic. A tea made from the leaves has traditionally been used in the treatment of fevers, coughs, colds, headaches, digestive disorders, menstrual complaints and various minor ailments. It can be used as a substitute for both pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) and peppermint (Mentha x piperita). Like those species, it should not be prescribed for pregnant women since it can procure an abortion. The leaves are harvested as the plant comes into flower and can be dried for later use. The essential oil in the leaves is antiseptic, though it is toxic in large doses and can cause abortions.
Known Hazards
Although no records of toxicity have been seen for this species, large quantities of some members of this genus, especially when taken in the form of the extracted essential oil, can cause abortions so some caution is advised.
Distribution
Australia - New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria.
Where It Grows
AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland (southeast), South Australia (southeast), Victoria)
Cultivation
Succeeds in most soils and situations so long as the soil is not too dry. Prefers a slightly acid soil. Grows well in heavy clay soils. A sunny position is best for production of essential oils, but it also succeeds in partial shade. Plants are hardy to about -15°c. Most mints have fairly aggressive spreading roots and, unless you have the space to let them roam, they need to be restrained by some means such as planting them in containers that are buried in the soil. Hybridizes freely with other members of this genus. The whole plant has a mint-like aroma. The flowers are very attractive to bees and butterflies. A good companion plant for growing near cabbages and tomatoes, helping to keep them free of insect pests. Members of this genus are rarely if ever troubled by browsing deer.
Propagation
Seed - sow spring in a cold frame. Germination is usually fairly quick. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and plant them out in the summer. Mentha species are very prone to hybridisation and so the seed cannot be relied on to breed true. Even without hybridisation, seedlings will not be uniform and so the content of medicinal oils etc will vary. When growing plants with a particular aroma it is best to propagate them by division. Division can be easily carried out at almost any time of the year, though it is probably best done in the spring or autumn to allow the plant to establish more quickly. Virtually any part of the root is capable of growing into a new plant. Larger divisions can be planted out direct into their permanent positions. However, for maximum increase it is possible to divide the roots up into sections no more than 3cm long and pot these up in light shade in a cold frame. They will quickly become established and can be planted out in the summer.
Other Uses
Essential Repellent StrewingAn essential oil is obtained from the whole plant. It has a scent intermediate between pennyroyal and peppermint. The plant is used as an insect repellent. Rats and mice intensely dislike the smell of mint. The plant was therefore used in homes as a strewing herb and has also been spread in granaries to keep the rodents off the grain.
