Asclepias asperula
(Decne.) Woodson
Antelope horns, Green-flowered milkweed
iNaturalist· cc-by-nc
(c) Russ Hoverman, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Russ Hoverman
iNaturalist· cc-by-nc
(c) Brent Franklin, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Brent Franklin
iNaturalist· cc-by-nc
(c) Veronica Nguyen, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Veronica Nguyen
Summary
Source: WikipediaAsclepias asperula, commonly called antelope horns milkweed or spider milkweed, is a species of milkweed native to the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Description
A clumpy herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows 25-50 cm tall. The stems spread forming a large, dense clump. The leaves are 10-20 cm long. They are narrow and in irregular groups. The stems are densely covered with vary small hairs. The flowers are crowded into a ball shaped head. This is 7.5-10 cm across. It is at the end of the flower stem.
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Flowers Leaves Oil Oil Seed Seedpod Edible Uses: Gum Oil Oil Sweetener Edible parts (after boiling): Leaves, flowers, stalks. Flavor: Mild, with flowers being sweeter due to nectar. Preparation: Boiling once is sufficient; produces a mild broth. Flowers can be boiled down into a light syrup. Safety: Must be cooked, but considered one of the safer edible milkweeds [2-3]. The following reports refer to other members of this genus and are possibly also appropriate for this species. Unopened flower buds - cooked. They taste somewhat like peas. They are used like broccoli. Flowers and young flower buds - cooked. Used as a flavouring and a thickener in soups etc. The flower clusters can be boiled down to make a sugary syrup. The flowers are harvested in the early morning with the dew still on them. When boiled up it makes a brown sugar. Young shoots - cooked. An asparagus substitute. They should be used when less than 20cm tall. A slightly bitter taste. Tips of older shoots are cooked like spinach. Young seed pods, 3 - 4 cm long, cooked. They are very appetizing. Best used when about 2 - 4cm long and before the seed floss forms, on older pods remove any seed floss before cooking them. If picked at the right time, the pods resemble okra. The sprouted seeds can be eaten. An edible oil is obtained from the seed. The latex in the stems is made into a chewing gum. It is found mainly in the leaves and is destroyed by frost. Yields are higher on dry soils.
Traditional Uses
The unopened flower buds are cooked and eaten. The flowers are used as flavouring and for thickening soups. The flower clusters can be boiled down to make a sugary syrup.
Medicinal Uses
Expectorant The plant is used as a snuff in the treatment of catarrh.
Known Hazards
Must be cooked before consumption; considered one of the safer edible milkweeds.
Distribution
It grows in dry rocky or sandy places.
Where It Grows
North America, USA,
Cultivation
Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Propagation
Seed - best sown in a greenhouse as soon as it is ripe in the autumn or in late winter. We have also had good results from sowing the seed in the greenhouse in early spring, though stored seed might need 2 - 3 weeks cold stratification. Germination usually takes place in 1 - 3 months at 18°c. As soon as the seedlings are large enough to handle, prick them out into individual pots and grow them on in the greenhouse for their first winter. Plant out when they are in active growth in late spring or early summer and give them some protection from slugs until they are growing away strongly. Division in spring. With great care since the plant resents root disturbance. Pot the divisions up and place them in a lightly shaded position in the greenhouse until they are growing away strongly, then plant them out in the summer, giving them some protection from slugs until they are established.. Basal cuttings in late spring. Use shoots about 10cm long with as much of their white underground stem as possible. Pot them up individually and place them in a lightly shaded position in a greenhouse until they are rooting and growing actively. If the plants grow sufficiently, they can be put into their permanent positions in the summer, otherwise keep them in the greenhouse until the following spring and when they are in active growth plant them out into their permanent positions. Give them some protection from slugs until they are established.
Other Uses
Fibre Gum Latex Oil Oil Pollution Stuffing Wick The following reports refer to other members of this genus and are possibly also appropriate for this species. A good quality fibre is obtained from the bark, used in making twine, cloth, paper etc. It is of poor quality in wet seasons. It is easily harvested in late autumn after the plant has died down by simply pulling the fibres off the dried stems. The seed floss is used to stuff pillows etc or is mixed with other fibres to make cloth. It is a Kapok substitute, used in Life Jackets or as a stuffing material. Very water repellent, it can yield up to 550 kilos per hectare. The floss has also been used to mop up oil spills at sea. Candlewicks can be made from the seed floss. Rubber can be made from latex contained in the leaves and the stems. It is found mainly in the leaves and is destroyed by frost. Yields are higher on dry soils. Pods contain an oil and a wax which are of potential importance. The seed contains up to 20% of an edible semi-drying oil. It is also used in making liquid soap. Special Uses Attracts Wildlife
Notes
There are 100 Asclepias species.
Synonyms
References (3)
- Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 41:193. 1954
- Loughmiller, C & L., 1985, Texas Wildflowers. A Field Guide. University of Texas, Austin. p 15
- Plants for a Future database, The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, UK. http://www.pfaf.org
