Solanum spirale
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Summary
Source: WikipediaSolanum spirale is a small fruiting shrub in the family Solanaceae, present in mid-elevation (500 to 1,900 m) paleotropical areas, in Southern China, India, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia and Australia (Queensland). It is widely cultivated in dooryard gardens in India, Thailand, and Laos and used for: food (cooked young leaves, raw or cooked berries) medicine (roots used as a narcotic and diuretic in Assam; bark macerate used as a febrifuge in Laos).
Description
A small shrub. It grows 4 m tall. The stem is erect and has sharp ridges. The plant is green. The leaves have very small leaves near there base. The flowers are white. They are in dense spiral groups. The fruit are round and yellow when ripe.
Edible Uses
The ripe fruit are eaten raw, used in soups, dried for use as a spice, or made into chutney. Young leaves are cooked and eaten; leaves are sold in local markets.
Traditional Uses
The fruit are used to make soup. They are also eaten raw. The fruit are used as a spice. They are also used for chutney. They are usually dried. The young leaves are cooked and eaten. CAUTION: The unripe fruit are poisonous.
Medicinal Uses
The roots are anaesthetic, diuretic and narcotic. The bark is broken and soaked in cold water, then used as a febrifuge for adults and infants.
Known Hazards
Although providing many well-known foods for people, including the potato, tomato, pepper and aubergine, most species in this genus also contain toxic alkaloids. Whilst these alkaloids can make the plant useful in treaing a range of medical conditions, they can also cause problems such as nausea, vomiting, salivation, drowsiness, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, weakness and respiratory depression. Unless there are specific entries with information on edible uses, it would be unwise to ingest any part of this plant.
Distribution
A tropical plant. It grows on the edges of forests and by roads and tracks. In Yunnan in China it grows between 500-1900 m above sea level. In XTBG Yunnan.
Where It Grows
Asia, Australia, China, Himalayas, India, Indochina, Laos, Myanmar, Northeastern India, SE Asia, Thailand, Vietnam,
Cultivation
Plants can be grown from seeds.
Propagation
Seed - sow in trays in a nursery. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and grow them on fast. Plant them out when 10cm or more tall. Cuttings of half-ripe wood. Very easy, the cuttings root within a couple of weeks.
Other Information
Leaves are sold in local markets.
Notes
There are about 1400 Solanum species.
Also Known As
Banga, Bangko, Chatu bili, Gai ge lei lu, Hai xi ba ha, Jihaweiniu, Jok-ho, Kaithuh, Kanarengma, Khunthai goukha, Ku liao liao ye, Loratita, Mak did, Mungas kajur, Mungaskajur, Nkabua, Oko oing, Oko-ing, Pali, Pa lie, Shengkao, Soh-jaring, Soh-jhari, Titakuchi, Tutakuchi, Yavsailpavqhaq, Yiaseibuka
References (22)
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- Cao, Y., et al, 2020, Ethnobotanical study on wild edible plants used by three trans-boundary ethnic groups in Jiangcheng County, Pu’er, Southwest China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2020) 16:66
- Fl. ind. 2:247. 1824
- Flora of China. www.eFloras.org
- Fu, Yongneng, et al, 2003, Relocating Plants from Swidden Fallows to Gardens in Southwestern China. Economic Botany, 57(3): 389-402
Show all 22 references Hide references
- Ghorbani, A., et al, 2012, A comparison of the wild food plant use knowledge of ethnic minorities in Naban River Watershed Nature Reserve, Yunnan, SW China. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine; 8:17
- Hani Medicine of Xishuangbanna, 1999, p 775
- Jin, Chen et al, 1999, Ethnobotanical studies on Wild Edible Fruits in Southern Yunnan: Folk Names: Nutritional Value and Uses. Economic Botany 53(1) pp 2-14
- Kar, A., & Borthakur, S. K., 2008, Wild vegetables of Karbi - Anglong district, Assam, Natural Product Radiance, Vol. 7(5), pp 448-460
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