Opuntia quitensis
F. A. C. Walker
Penco, Tunilla
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Summary
Source: WikipediaOpuntia quitensis is a species of cactus found in Peru and Ecuador.
Description
A cactus of the Cactaceae family found in tropical regions.
This description is brief — help expand it
Edible Uses
Fruit - raw. The barrel shaped, deeply umbilicate, brownish green with reddish tint fruits are 25 - 40mm long and 20 - 40mm in diameter. The tender young stem segments of various species are often cooked as a vegetable. Known as ‘nopals’ in Mexico, where they are a common ingredient in numerous dishes, they can be eaten raw or cooked, used in marmalades, soups, stews and salads. The most commonly used species are Opuntia ficus-indica or Opuntia hyptiacantha (syn Opuntia matudae), although the stems of almost all Opuntia species are edible.
Traditional Uses
The fruit are eaten raw.
This uses section is brief — help expand it
Medicinal Uses
We have no specific information on medicinal uses for this species, but the following notes are likely to apply universally to Opuntia species and other related genera. The flesh of tender young stem segments can be applied as a poultice to reduce inflammation. The mucilage and soluble fibre found in the flowers and stem segments have been shown to help control blood-sugar levels associated with adult-onset diabetes. There is clinical evidence that the soluble fibre in the stem segments helps reduce blood cholesterol levels.
Known Hazards
The plant has numerous minutely barbed glochids - these are barbed spines that are usually small to minute and are very sharp and brittle. The glochids are very easily dislodged when the plant is touched and can penetrate the skin where, because of their barbs, they become stuck and are very difficult to see and remove. They can cause considerable irritation and discomfort. Opuntia species can contain quite high levels of oxalic acid, especially in older parts of the plant. Perfectly alright in small quantities, foods containing oxalic acid should not be eaten in large amounts since it can lock-up other nutrients in the food, especially calcium, thus causing mineral deficiencies. The oxalic acid content will be reduced if the plant is cooked. People with a tendency to rheumatism, arthritis, gout, kidney stones or hyperacidity should take especial caution if including this plant in their diet since it can aggravate their condition.
Distribution
It is a tropical plant.
Where It Grows
Colombia, Ecuador, South America,
Cultivation
The flowers are functionally unisexual; both male and female flowering forms will need to be grown if fruit and seed are required.
Other Uses
The plant is used to creat living fences for dividing patches of land and providing a stock-proof barrier.
Also Known As
Penco, Tuna blanca, Tunilla
References (4)
- Kew Plants of the World onLine
- Roa, J. A. G. & Boada, D. S. G., 2018, Fundación para el Fortalecimiento de la Fruticultura y Plantas Alimenticias no Convencionales en Colombia.
- Torre, de la, L., et al, 2008, Enciclopedia de las Plantas Útiles del Ecuador. Herbario QCA. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. p 268
- Van den Eynden, V., et al, 2003, Wild Foods from South Ecuador. Economic Botany 57(4): 576-603
